Activation of c-Abl tyrosine kinase requires caspase activation and is not involved in JNK/SAPK activation during apoptosis of human monocytic leukemia U937 cells

Oncogene. 1999 Feb 11;18(6):1277-83. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202423.

Abstract

Genotoxic stress triggers the activation of several sensor molecules, such as p53, JNK1/SAPK and c-Abl, and occasionally promotes the cells to apoptosis. We previously reported that JNK1/SAPK regulates genotoxic stress-induced apoptosis in p53-negative U937 cells by activating caspases. c-Abl is expected to act upstream of JNK1/SAPK activation upon treatment with genotoxic stressors, but its involvement in apoptosis development is still unclear. We herein investigated the kinase activities of c-Abl and JNK1/SAPK during apoptosis elicited by genotoxic anticancer drugs and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in U937 cells and their apoptosis-resistant variant UK711 cells. We found that the activation of JNK1/SAPK and c-Abl correlated well with apoptosis development in these cell lines. Unexpectedly, however, the JNK1/SAPK activation preceded the c-Abl activation. Moreover, the caspase inhibitor Z-Asp suppressed c-Abl activation and the onset of apoptosis but not the JNK1/SAPK activation. Interestingly, c-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibition by CGP 57148 reduced apoptosis without interfering with JNK1/SAPK activation. These results indicate that c-Abl acts not upstream of JNK1/ SAPK but downstream of caspases during the development of p53-independent apoptosis and is possibly involved in accelerating execution of the cell death pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis*
  • Aspartic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Aspartic Acid / pharmacology
  • Benzamides
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Caspase Inhibitors
  • Caspases / metabolism*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Humans
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Leukemia, Myeloid / physiopathology*
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases*
  • Piperazines / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl / metabolism*
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology
  • U937 Cells

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • Caspase Inhibitors
  • Piperazines
  • Pyrimidines
  • benzyloxycarbonyl-Asp-CH2OC(O)-2,6-dichlorobenzene
  • Aspartic Acid
  • Imatinib Mesylate
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Caspases