Among saccharides, the antibiotics of the aminoglycoside family are the best-studied class of molecules interacting with RNA. By binding to RNA targets, aminoglycosides act as inhibitors of protein biosynthesis, they interfere with protein-RNA interaction of retroviral regulatory elements, and they inhibit the catalytic action of ribozymes. Here, we survey the available data on molecular structural details of aminoglycoside-RNA interaction.