Estimation of wound age and VCAM-1 in human skin

Int J Legal Med. 1999;112(3):159-62. doi: 10.1007/s004140050223.

Abstract

To estimate the age of skin wounds, the endothelial adhesion molecule VCAM-1 (CD 106) was detected in paraffin sections after autoclaving and using the ABC technique. The percentage of VCAM-1 positive blood vessels was determined after the blood vessels had been marked with PECAM-1 (CD 31). Low positive staining reactions were observed for VCAM-1 on endothelial cells of uninjured skin in 18% of the samples. In injured skin, 51% of the cases investigated showed a VCAM-1 expression. Strong positive staining reactions were observed 3 h at the earliest and 3.5 days at the latest after the time of injury. The immunohistochemical results for VCAM-1 differed significantly between the injured and uninjured skin (P < 0.01). In a few cases VCAM-1 was detected (n = 6) at low intensity in postmortem skin wounds and a moderate to strong expression of VCAM-1 is indicative of the vitality of the wound. The detection of VCAM-1 can be used for estimating the age of wounds in forensic applications if the degree of expression of further adhesion molecules, especially that of selectins, is taken into account.

MeSH terms

  • Forensic Medicine
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Postmortem Changes
  • Skin / chemistry*
  • Skin / injuries*
  • Time Factors
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / analysis*

Substances

  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1