Prevention of glutamate neurotoxicity in cultured neurons by 3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1(2H)-benzopyran (CR-6), a scavenger of nitric oxide

Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Jul 15;58(2):255-61. doi: 10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00104-5.

Abstract

Glutamate neurotoxicity in cerebellar neurons in culture is mediated by excessive production of nitric oxide (NO). We anticipated that 3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1(2H)-benzopyran (CR-6) could act as a scavenger of NO since it contains a position (C-5) highly activated towards nitration reaction. The aim of this work was to assess whether CR-6 acts as an NO scavenger and prevents glutamate neurotoxicity in cultures of cerebellar neurons. It was shown that CR-6 reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, glutamate-induced formation of cGMP (EC50 approximately 15 microM) and prevented glutamate neurotoxicity. The protection was approximately 50% at 3-10 microM and nearly complete at 100 microM. CR-6 did not prevent glutamate-induced activation of NO synthase, but interfered with the glutamate-NO-cGMP pathway at a later step. CR-6 reduced the formation of cGMP induced by S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), an NO-generating agent, indicating that CR-6 acts as a scavenger of NO in cultured neurons. This was further supported by experiments showing that in neurons treated with CR-6 and glutamate, the 5-nitro derivative of CR-6 was formed, as determined by GC-MS analyses. Moreover, in vitro incubation of CR-6 with SNAP also produced the 5-nitroderivative, thus confirming that CR-6 directly reacts with NO. The results reported indicate that CR-6 acts as an NO scavenger in neurons and prevents glutamate neurotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzopyrans / chemical synthesis
  • Benzopyrans / pharmacology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Free Radical Scavengers / chemical synthesis
  • Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology*
  • Glutamic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Neurons / drug effects*
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism*
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase / metabolism
  • Protective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar

Substances

  • Benzopyrans
  • CR 6
  • Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Protective Agents
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Glutamic Acid
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase