We investigated whether early hematoma or edema volumes could explain the adverse association between APOE epsilon4 and survival in intracerebral hemorrhage. Among 102 patients, epsilon4 carriers had a higher mortality rate than non-epsilon4 carriers (38 versus 24%, p = 0.05). Nonsurvivors had larger hematoma (75.5 cm3 versus 27.1 cm3, p<0.001) and edema volumes (37.5 cm3 versus 17.1 cm3, p<0.01), but these were not associated with epsilon4 after adjusting for race, age, and type of hemorrhage.