A new schema for indicating operative treatment of nephroptosis is suggested. It was validated by an analysis of late results of 37 patients: 32 were completely free of symptoms, three still had the same symptoms but previously present pyelonephritis had healed. Two patients without long-term antibiotic treatment still had complaints and positive bacteriological findings. Non of the patients had haematuria. In two hypertensives the blood pressure had become normal.