In order to study the release of DNA from Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro during spontaneous growth and treatment with ceftriaxone or rifampin, a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction was used. During spontaneous growth, high concentrations of bacterial DNA were released. Exposure to 10 microg/ml of ceftriaxone decreased the DNA release, in median, by 19 times (P=0.03 vs. spontaneous growth). Treatment with 10 microg/ml of rifampin led to a reduction of DNA release, in median, by a factor of 49 (P=0.03 vs. ceftriaxone; six experiments performed on different days).