Repression of GAD autoantigen expression in pancreas beta-Cells by delivery of antisense plasmid/PEG-g-PLL complex

Mol Ther. 2001 Oct;4(4):339-46. doi: 10.1006/mthe.2001.0458.

Abstract

It was previously reported that silencing of the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in transgenic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice completely protected islet beta-cells against development of diabetes. This suggests that the repression of GAD autoantigen by somatic gene delivery can prevent autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. To repress GAD expression in islet beta-cells, we delivered an antisense GAD mRNA expression plasmid (pRIP-AS-GAD) using poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted poly-L-lysine (PEG-g-PLL) as a gene carrier. In a gel retardation assay, the pRIP-AS-GAD/PEG-g-PLL complex was completely retarded above a weight ratio of 1:1.5 (plasmid: PEG-g-PLL). PEG-g-PLL protected the plasmid DNA from DNase I for more than 60 minutes. In a reporter gene transfection assay, PEG-g-PLL showed the highest transfection efficiency at a weight ratio of 1:3. We also transfected pRIP-AS-GAD/PEG-g-PLL complex into a GAD-producing mouse insulinoma (MIN6) cell line. The antisense mRNA was expressed specifically in beta-cells and expression was dependent on glucose level. The repression of GAD after transfection of pRIP-AS-GAD was confirmed by immunoblot assay. In addition, in vivo expression of antisense RNA in pancreas was confirmed by RT-PCR after intravenous injection of the complex into mice. Therefore, our study revealed that the pRIP-AS-GAD/PEG-g-PLL system is applicable for the repression of GAD autoantigen expression.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autoantigens / biosynthesis*
  • Autoantigens / genetics
  • Autoantigens / immunology
  • Autoantigens / metabolism
  • Blotting, Western
  • DNA, Antisense / administration & dosage
  • DNA, Antisense / genetics
  • DNA, Antisense / pharmacology
  • DNA, Antisense / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Carriers / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic* / drug effects
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase / biosynthesis*
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase / genetics
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase / immunology
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase / metabolism
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Insulinoma / genetics
  • Insulinoma / metabolism
  • Islets of Langerhans / drug effects
  • Islets of Langerhans / enzymology
  • Islets of Langerhans / immunology
  • Islets of Langerhans / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Organ Specificity
  • Plasmids / administration & dosage
  • Plasmids / genetics
  • Plasmids / therapeutic use
  • Polyethylene Glycols / metabolism*
  • Polylysine / metabolism*
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Transfection / methods
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • beta-Galactosidase / genetics
  • beta-Galactosidase / metabolism

Substances

  • Autoantigens
  • DNA, Antisense
  • Drug Carriers
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Polylysine
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • beta-Galactosidase
  • Glutamate Decarboxylase