Developing a method to track oil and gas produced water discharges in estuarine systems using salinity as a conservative tracer

Mar Pollut Bull. 2001 Nov;42(11):1118-27. doi: 10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00100-x.

Abstract

Produced water is a high salinity by-product resulting from oil and gas production. Disposal methods include surface water discharge from a point source. The current field method used for fate and effect determinations in open water estuarine systems involves extending a compass oriented transect (COT) from the point source discharge--a method designed for a uniform offshore environment that might be inappropriate for the hydrologic and geomorphologic complexities found in estuarine systems. Research was conducted in a canal and a small, semi-enclosed bay to observe effluent behaviour and to determine if salinity could be used to track the effluent. A salinity/conductivity/temperature (SCT) probe measured water properties within 1 cm of the sediment surface and identified a thin, bottom salinity plume that would have gone undetected by conventional instruments. The plume flowed across the sediment surface and towards greater depths. Plume-affected sampling stations exhibited higher levels of sediment contaminant indicators (SCIs) and indicated that station location could affect impact conclusions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Environmental Monitoring / methods*
  • Geologic Sediments / chemistry
  • Industry
  • Petroleum*
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid*
  • Water / chemistry
  • Water Movements

Substances

  • Petroleum
  • Water
  • Sodium Chloride