Oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Singapore

Ann Acad Med Singap. 2001 Nov;30(6):600-6.

Abstract

Introduction: Oral lesions have been recognised as prominent features of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection since the beginning of the epidemic.

Objective: This descriptive study was conducted to study the types of oral lesions among HIV-infected patients in Singapore.

Materials and methods: Oral examination was done on 81 randomly selected HIV-infected patients attending the specialist outpatient clinic at the Communicable Disease Centre.

Results: A total of 9 different lesions were observed in 45 (56%) patients. The lesions observed were oral candidosis (35%), periodontal disease (16%), aphthous-like ulcers (5%), oral hairy leukoplakia (5%) and lymphoma (1%).

Conclusion: The oral manifestations of HIV-infected patients in Singapore appear to be less frequent in comparison with those patients from Africa and Europe. Similarities in oral findings among the HIV-infected patients in Asia are evident with a notable lack of oral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and a low prevalence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and oral hairy leukoplakia.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Candidiasis, Oral / complications
  • Candidiasis, Oral / epidemiology
  • Candidiasis, Oral / pathology
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology*
  • HIV Infections / pathology
  • Humans
  • Leukoplakia, Hairy / complications
  • Leukoplakia, Hairy / epidemiology
  • Leukoplakia, Hairy / pathology
  • Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / complications
  • Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology
  • Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / complications
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mouth Diseases / complications*
  • Mouth Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Mouth Neoplasms / complications
  • Mouth Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Mouth Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oral Ulcer / complications
  • Oral Ulcer / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Singapore / epidemiology