CT-guided transthoracic percutaneous ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma not detectable with US

Radiology. 2002 Apr;223(1):115-20. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2231010862.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) not detectable with ultrasonography (US).

Materials and methods: Between April 1994 and January 2001, 51 patients with 57 HCC nodules not detectable with US underwent CT-guided transthoracic PEI. Complications associated with the transthoracic approach, effectiveness of transthoracic PEI, and prognosis of the patients were evaluated.

Results: Seventy-one PEI sessions were performed for 57 nodules. Complications included pneumothorax in 21 sessions (30%) for 19 nodules (33%), moderate pleural effusion in four sessions (6%) for four nodules (7%), and hemoptysis in three sessions (4%) for two nodules (4%). A chest tube was required for pneumothorax in five sessions (7%) for five nodules (9%), and pleural effusion drainage was performed in two sessions (3%) for two nodules (4%). Apparent tumor necrosis was noted at CT in 51 nodules (89%). During follow-up (range, 3 months to 5(1/2) years; mean, 29 months +/- 18 [SD]), local recurrence was seen in seven nodules (12%), three of which received repeat treatment with transthoracic PEI. Twenty-six patients survived, and 25 patients died of multiple tumors, hepatic failure, or rupture of esophageal varices.

Conclusion: Transthoracic PEI seems to be relatively safe and effective for the treatment of HCC not detectable with US.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / therapy*
  • Ethanol / administration & dosage*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Injections / methods
  • Liver Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Ethanol