Human papillomaviruses can give rise to histoclinical changes in the epithelium of the anogenital region. These have to be considered and treated differentially on the basis of their morphology, size, number, location and oncogenic relevance. Up until now, no method of treatment has proved to be clearly superior to others or to be especially suitable for the comprehensive therapy of all varieties of HPV efflorescences. We will present and evaluate a comprehensive concept of HPV treatment that takes into consideration the medical aspects of HPV associated lesions, the treatment choice of the patient, drugs approval and the legal responsibility for the individual methods of HPV treatment. Our experience enables us to critically analyze the current HPV therapy guidelines of various specialist societies which do not adequately take specific urological aspects into consideration.