Objective: Inverted papilloma (Schneiderian-type papilloma), involving the middle ear and mastoid as a primary lesion or as an extension of a sinonasal papilloma, is an extremely rare occurrence.
Study design: The study design was a case report format with a review of the literature. Epidemiologic, diagnostic, therapeutic and follow-up problems are discussed.
Setting: Academic, tertiary referral hospital.
Patient and methods: The patient underwent Wullstein type I tympanoplasty and complete mastoidectomy, revealing obliteration of the pneumatic cells by polypoid tissue. The middle ear was completely filled by polypoid tissue. Histopathologic examination revealed an inverted papilloma of the middle ear and mastoid.
Conclusion: Literature reports indicate that inverted papillomas of the middle ear and mastoid differ pathogenically and epidemiologically from sinonasal inverted papillomas. Recurrence rates and association with squamous cell carcinoma are higher in Schneiderian-type papillomas of the middle ear than in inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Long-term follow-up after removal of inverted papilloma of the middle ear and mastoid is mandatory. Magnetic resonance imaging is the first follow-up examination to perform.