Observation of depression solitary surface waves on a thin fluid layer

Phys Rev Lett. 2002 Nov 11;89(20):204501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.204501. Epub 2002 Oct 23.

Abstract

We report the observation of depression solitary surface waves on a layer of mercury when its depth is thin enough compared to the capillary length. These waves, as well as the well known elevation solitary waves, are studied with a new measurement technique using inductive sensors. The shape of the solitary waves, their amplitude-dependent velocity, and their damping rates by viscosity are found in good agreement with theoretical predictions.