Anti-CD20 therapeutic antibody rituximab modifies the functional organization of rafts/microdomains of B lymphoma cells

Cancer Res. 2003 Jan 15;63(2):534-40.

Abstract

Incubation of Burkitt lymphoma-derived Raji cells at physiological temperature with submicromolar concentrations of humanized anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (RTX) redistributes CD20 to liquid-ordered, plasma membrane rafts. This accumulation of the CD20 tetraspan protein in rafts does not change the existing lipid and phosphoprotein composition but makes sphingolipids and the Src regulator Cbp/PAG (Csk-binding protein/phosphoprotein associated with glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomain) transmembrane phosphoprotein more resistant to n-octyl-beta-pyranoside, a detergent that dissociates sphingolipid clusters. On the contrary, sphingolipids and Cbp/PAG are not protected by the presence of CD20 against the disruptive effects of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a cyclic carbohydrate that removes membrane cholesterol. After accumulation of CD20, the activity of the raft-associated Lyn kinase is down-regulated without apparent alteration of its relationship to substrates. Moreover, in rafts of lymphoblastoid cells that express lower amounts of Cbp/PAG, RTX redistributes CD20 to rafts but does not modulate the raft-associated protein tyrosine kinase activity, suggesting that the presence of Cbp/PAG protein in rafts is necessary for RTX to exert its transmembrane "signaling effects." Lastly, redistribution of CD20 in rafts renders the glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-linked CD55 C'-defense protein hypersensitive to glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipases. By redistributing CD20 to rafts, RTX modifies their stability and organization and modulates the associated signaling pathways and C' defense capacity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antigens, CD20 / metabolism*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • CD55 Antigens / metabolism
  • Cyclodextrins / chemistry
  • Glucosides / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / drug therapy
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / metabolism*
  • Membrane Lipids / metabolism
  • Membrane Microdomains / drug effects
  • Membrane Microdomains / metabolism*
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Phospholipase D / metabolism
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Rituximab
  • Type C Phospholipases / metabolism
  • beta-Cyclodextrins*
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antigens, CD20
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • CD55 Antigens
  • Cyclodextrins
  • Glucosides
  • Membrane Lipids
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Phosphoproteins
  • beta-Cyclodextrins
  • methyl-beta-cyclodextrin
  • octyl-beta-D-glucoside
  • Rituximab
  • lyn protein-tyrosine kinase
  • src-Family Kinases
  • Type C Phospholipases
  • Phospholipase D