Long-lasting anticryptosporidial activity of nitazoxanide in an immunosuppressed rat model

Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2003 Mar;50(1):19-22. doi: 10.14411/fp.2003.003.

Abstract

Cryptosporidium parvum, Tyzzer, 1912 is identified as a common cause of diarrhoea in immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised, especially HIV-infected subjects, cryptosporidiosis causes severe chronic diarrhoea. In this study, nitazoxanide (NTZ) was compared for curative activity with sinefungin (SNF) and paromomycin (PRM) in immunosuppressed rats, a screening model for anticryptosporidial agents. NTZ at either 50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day or 200 mg/kg/day resulted in seven days in a dose-dependent inhibition of oocyst shedding similar to that obtained with SNF (10 mg/kg/day) and PRM (100 mg/kg/day). Further discontinuation of SNF or PRM 100 mg/kg/day therapy resulted in early relapse of oocyst shedding which reached the pre-treatment levels in 2-4 days. In contrast, seven days after discontinuation of therapy, shedding inhibition was unchanged in NTZ-treated rats. Data prompt further assessment of the activity of NTZ on sequestered C. parvum.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Adenosine / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cryptosporidiosis / drug therapy*
  • Cryptosporidiosis / immunology
  • Cryptosporidium parvum / growth & development*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Feces / parasitology
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Male
  • Nitro Compounds
  • Parasite Egg Count
  • Paromomycin / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Nitro Compounds
  • Thiazoles
  • Paromomycin
  • Adenosine
  • nitazoxanide
  • sinefungin