Long continuous actin bundles in Drosophila bristles are constructed by overlapping short filaments

J Cell Biol. 2003 Sep 15;162(6):1069-77. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200305143.

Abstract

The actin bundles essential for Drosophila bristle elongation are hundreds of microns long and composed of cross-linked unipolar filaments. These long bundles are built from much shorter modules that graft together. Using both confocal and electron microscopy, we demonstrate that newly synthesized modules are short (1-2 microm in length); modules elongate to approximately 3 microm by growing over the surface of longitudinally adjacent modules to form a graft; the grafted regions are initially secured by the forked protein cross-bridge and later by the fascin cross-bridge; actin bundles are smoothed by filament addition and appear continuous and without swellings; and in the absence of grafting, dramatic alterations in cell shape occur that substitutes cell width expansion for elongation. Thus, bundle morphogenesis has several components: module formation, elongation, grafting, and bundle smoothing. These actin bundles are much like a rope or cable, made by overlapping elements that run a small fraction of the overall length, and stiffened by cross-linking.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Actin Cytoskeleton / metabolism*
  • Actin Cytoskeleton / ultrastructure
  • Animals
  • Body Patterning / physiology
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Drosophila melanogaster / growth & development*
  • Drosophila melanogaster / metabolism
  • Drosophila melanogaster / ultrastructure
  • Mechanoreceptors / growth & development*
  • Mechanoreceptors / metabolism
  • Mechanoreceptors / ultrastructure
  • Metamorphosis, Biological / physiology
  • Microfilament Proteins / deficiency
  • Microfilament Proteins / genetics
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Microscopy, Electron
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Pupa / growth & development
  • Pupa / metabolism
  • Pupa / ultrastructure

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • fascin