In order to evaluate malaria problems such as they are perceived by Sanaga Basin populations in Cameroon, authors appealed to a cluster sample survey on a population sample obtained from a 2 degree population poll in four representative sites. Malaria so defined represents the outstanding endemia by which the most usual therapeutic recourse makes self-medication interfere particularly by amino-4-quinolines. It is convenient to verify the quality of treatment so administered to adapt possibly training objectives of the interested population. In the present context of the chemoresistance extension of plasmodial strains to usual antimalarials, setting up a surveillance system of efficiency is necessary.