High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin for severe drug reactions: efficacy in toxic epidermal necrolysis

Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(6):430-2. doi: 10.1080/0001550310005852.

Abstract

High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin has been proposed as an alternative treatment for several immuno-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, usually at a dosage of 1 - 2 g/kg. We describe the treatment of 10 patients affected by toxic epidermal necrolysis using 400 mg/kg per day on 5 consecutive days--a schedule that is lower than previously reported schedules. According to the SCORTEN, the earlier predicted mortality rate was 35%. After high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, a mortality rate of 10% and a survival rate of 90% were reached. In particular, nine patients showed a dramatic improvement already after one course of infusion started at an early stage of the disease. It is our experience, and that of others, that high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin can be considered the drug of first choice for toxic epidermal necrolysis, one of the most severe life-threatening dermatological conditions, and a valid alternative therapy for different long-standing chronic dermatological diseases. This therapy can also be effective in avoiding high steroid dosages and consequently steroid-related or immunosuppressive-related side effects. It is therefore reasonable to propose high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment as a valuable therapeutic tool for dermatologists.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / complications*
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / administration & dosage*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / etiology
  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / physiopathology
  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous