Case-control study of environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease in Belgium

Eur J Epidemiol. 2003;18(12):1133-42. doi: 10.1023/b:ejep.0000006639.05690.92.

Abstract

The aetiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown and said to be multifactorial. We report on a retrospective epidemiological case control study, performed in Flanders during a 3-year period, investigating known and potential environmental risk factors for PD by means of questionnaires. We investigated 423 prevalent patients and 205 spouse-controls. We found familial occurrence in 15% of the patients, a mean age of onset of 58 years, and a clear male preponderance (male/female ratio 1.53). Our results suggest more nulliparity among female PD patients (95% CI: 1.08-5.76). We found a discrete clustering of patients in areas with intensive metallurgic frequently employed in metallurgy than controls (95% CI: 1.04-9.20). Furthermore, patients were clearly more exposed to zinc (95% CI: 1.51-90.90) and toluene (95% CI: 1.03 58.82). Male patients report more prostatectomy-surgery (95% CI: 1.54-17.24).

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Belgium / epidemiology
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Demography
  • Environmental Exposure*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parkinson Disease / etiology*
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires