Unexpected Ca2+-binding properties of synaptotagmin 9

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Feb 24;101(8):2554-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308477100.

Abstract

Synaptotagmin 1 (Syt 1) functions as an essential Ca2+ sensor for the fast but not slow component of Ca2+-triggered exocytosis. One hypothesis to account for this selective function, based on the close homology of Syt 1 with synaptotagmin 9 (Syt 9), is that these Syts are redundant for the slow but not the fast component of release. We now show, however, that Syt 9 has unique properties that set it apart from Syt 1. Different from Syt 1, endogenous Syt 9 does not associate Ca2+ dependently or independently with soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) protein complexes, and the Syt 9 C2B domain does not form Ca2+/phospholipid complexes, whereas such complexes are essential for Syt 1 function. Nevertheless, the C2A domain of Syt 9 functions as a Ca2+-binding module, suggesting that Syts 1 and 9 are Ca2+ sensors with similar Ca2+-binding sequences but distinct properties that indicate nonoverlapping functions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Exocytosis
  • Growth Hormone / metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism*
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
  • PC12 Cells
  • Phospholipids / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Synaptotagmin I
  • Synaptotagmins

Substances

  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Phospholipids
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Synaptotagmin I
  • Syt1 protein, rat
  • Syt9 protein, rat
  • Synaptotagmins
  • Growth Hormone
  • Calcium