Vertebral body invasion by lung cancer has been problematic due to uncertainty regarding a clear surgical resection margin. Therefore, additional chemoradiotherapy has been performed to assist clearance of the surgical margin. We reviewed our experience of surgical treatment for lung cancer patients with vertebral invasion. Between 1982 and 2003, 1,070 patients underwent lung cancer surgery at the Nippon Medical School Hospital. Eight patients (0.74%) of this group underwent a combined vertebral body and chemoradiotherapy. Seven lobectomies and one pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy were performed. All patients underwent partial vertebrectomy. The percentage with vertebral tumor involvement was 15%. A defect of vertebral cortical bone was reinforced with implantation of rib in one patient. There was no postoperative mortality. Postoperative complications were pneumonia and arrhythmia. The median follow-up period was 19 months (range from 4 to 69.7 months). The overall actuarial survivals at 1-year, 3-year and 5-year were 68.6%, 22.9% and 22.9%. Local recurrence occurred in three patients and distant metastasis was evident in five. Even though the number of patients was small, partial vertebrectomy with chemoradiotherapy offer reduction of severe pain and an improved prognosis. However, a patient with further progressive disease should be treated with a multidisciplinary approach.