During the first ten years (1981-1990) of our organ transplantation program a total of 395 Renal Transplants (RTx) have been carried out in our Unit, 90 of which in 88 patients had to be subsequently transplantectomized. In 32 of them the reason was acute rejection (35%) including 7 renal rhexis, and in 30 chronic rejection (33%) (1 rhexis). There were 22 (24%) (1 rhexis) vascular complications leading to such procedure. The technique was chosen mainly depending on the amount of time elapsed between transplantation and transplantectomy, performing 47 subcapsular and 43 extracapsular manoeuvres. The complications developed were 7 (7.7%), mostly haemorrhagic. Our attitude when faced with non-functioning grafts due to chronic rejection is the complete withdrawal of immunosuppression performing transplantectomy only in the event of arterial hypertension or in the presence of symptoms of acute rejection overimposition.