Nephrolithiasis in children

Pediatr Nephrol. 2005 Nov;20(11):1587-92. doi: 10.1007/s00467-005-1883-z. Epub 2005 Aug 23.

Abstract

A metabolic etiology is the most common cause for pediatric kidney stones. Appropriate evaluation of affected children should include assessment of stone type, if available, and assessment of predisposing factors in all cases. This review discusses the metabolic disorders that lead to nephrolithiasis with respect to the development of calcium, uric acid, struvite, and cystine stones. Environmental and hereditary factors are summarized to provide a guide in the evaluation of pediatric stone formers.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Calcium / analysis
  • Child
  • Cystine / analysis
  • Humans
  • Kidney Calculi / chemistry
  • Kidney Calculi / etiology*
  • Kidney Calculi / therapy
  • Magnesium Compounds / analysis
  • Phosphates / analysis
  • Struvite
  • Uric Acid / analysis

Substances

  • Magnesium Compounds
  • Phosphates
  • Uric Acid
  • Cystine
  • Struvite
  • Calcium