Bortezomib mediates antiangiogenesis in multiple myeloma via direct and indirect effects on endothelial cells

Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 1;66(1):184-91. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1195.

Abstract

Bone marrow angiogenesis plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression in multiple myeloma. Recent studies have shown that proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade, formerly PS-341) can overcome conventional drug resistance in vitro and in vivo; however, its antiangiogenic activity in the bone marrow milieu has not yet been defined. In the present study, we examined the effects of bortezomib on the angiogenic phenotype of multiple myeloma patient-derived endothelial cells (MMEC). At clinically achievable concentrations, bortezomib inhibited the proliferation of MMECs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. In functional assays of angiogenesis, including chemotaxis, adhesion to fibronectin, capillary formation on Matrigel, and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay, bortezomib induced a dose-dependent inhibition of angiogenesis. Importantly, binding of MM.1S cells to MMECs triggered multiple myeloma cell proliferation, which was also abrogated by bortezomib in a dose-dependent fashion. Bortezomib triggered a dose-dependent inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion by the MMECs, and reverse transcriptase-PCR confirmed drug-related down-regulation of VEGF, IL-6, insulin-like growth factor-I, Angiopoietin 1 (Ang1), and Ang2 transcription. These data, therefore, delineate the mechanisms of the antiangiogenic effects of bortezomib on multiple myeloma cells in the bone marrow milieu.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Angiopoietin-1 / biosynthesis
  • Angiopoietin-1 / genetics
  • Angiopoietin-2 / biosynthesis
  • Angiopoietin-2 / genetics
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Boronic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Bortezomib
  • Cell Growth Processes / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chick Embryo
  • Chorioallantoic Membrane / blood supply
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / drug effects*
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / biosynthesis
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Interleukin-6 / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Multiple Myeloma / blood supply*
  • Multiple Myeloma / drug therapy*
  • Multiple Myeloma / genetics
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic / drug therapy
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic / genetics
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic / pathology
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic / drug effects
  • Pyrazines / pharmacology*
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / biosynthesis
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / genetics
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Angiopoietin-1
  • Angiopoietin-2
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Boronic Acids
  • Interleukin-6
  • Pyrazines
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
  • Bortezomib