The antiemetic effect of granisetron in lower hemibody radiotherapy

Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 1991 Sep;3(5):247-9. doi: 10.1016/s0936-6555(05)80871-4.

Abstract

Radiotherapy-induced emesis is poorly controlled with existing antiemetics. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5HT3) receptor antagonists are a new class of antiemetics which have been demonstrated to be effective in controlling cytotoxic-induced emesis. We have prospectively studied the antiemetic efficacy of the 5HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron in an open non-randomized efficacy and toxicity study, at two dose levels, in patients receiving lower hemibody radiotherapy for multiple bone metastases. Of the 22 patients studied, 13 patients received 20 micrograms/kg and nine patients 40 micrograms/kg of granisetron, administered as an intravenous infusion 1 h before radiotherapy. Radiotherapy was administered as a single exposure to the lower half body to a midline dose of 8 Gy. A complete response (no nausea or vomiting) was observed in 9/13 patients at the lower dose level and 6/9 patients at the higher level. No major adverse events were recorded. We conclude that granisetron is a well-tolerated and effective antiemetic agent in radiotherapy-induced emesis. Formal comparison with conventional antiemetic agents in this situation is required.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antiemetics / therapeutic use*
  • Bone Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary
  • Female
  • Granisetron
  • Humans
  • Indazoles / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiotherapy / adverse effects*
  • Vomiting / etiology
  • Vomiting / prevention & control

Substances

  • Antiemetics
  • Indazoles
  • Granisetron