Ischemia-reperfusion injury is of major clinical relevance during liver transplantation. In the present study, the therapeutic efficacy of taurine to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury was investigated in rabbit livers. We demonstrated that intravenous injection of taurine attenuated liver dysfunction as evidenced by reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. The recovery of morphological and ultrastructural changes in the liver was also promoted by taurine. The mechanism of the protective effect of taurine seems at least to rely on antioxidation, since the lipoperoxides contents in liver tissues were significantly reduced among taurine-treated rabbits. These results suggest that taurine is a potent useful reagent to protect the rabbit liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury.