The impact of the World Health Organization classification and clonality assessment of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders on disease management

Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006 Nov;130(11):1649-53. doi: 10.5858/2006-130-1649-TIOTWH.

Abstract

Context: The World Health Organization classification of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders divides them into 4 main categories.

Objective: To classify cases of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders diagnosed in our institution according to the World Health Organization scheme and correlate the classification and clonality with clinical data.

Design: Cases of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders were reviewed. They were classified according to the World Health Organization scheme. Clonality was determined by flow cytometry and/or polymerase chain reaction. Patients' charts were reviewed.

Results: Thirty-one cases were identified. Median age was 33 years. There were 19 cases of kidney, 8 cases of liver, and 4 cases of bone marrow transplant. Immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporin A and prednisone (N = 24) or FK506 and prednisone (N = 7). Twenty cases (63%) were World Health Organization type 3, 7 cases (23%) type 2, 3 cases (6.4%) type 1, and 1 case type 4 posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Ten patients received chemotherapy, 20 patients had reduction of immunosuppression, and 1 had no treatment. Follow-up was available on 25 patients. Seven (43.75%) of 16 with type 3 lesions with available follow-up died of their disease. Five of these patients received reduction of immunosuppression alone. Only 2 of 9 patients with type 3 disease who received chemotherapy died of disease. Two patients with type 2 disease died of unrelated causes. One patient is alive with disease; the remaining patients with types 1 and 2 disease are alive with no disease.

Conclusions: The World Health Organization classification of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders is valuable in the identification of subtypes. It helps identify early lesions (1 and 2) requiring reduction of immunosuppression and type 3 disease, which requires chemotherapy from the outset.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Bone Marrow Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Rearrangement
  • Genes, T-Cell Receptor
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / genetics
  • Infant
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / classification*
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / etiology
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / mortality
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Phenotype
  • Treatment Outcome
  • World Health Organization*

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains