Neuropsychological performance in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder and influence of clinical variables

Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Apr 15;61(8):946-51. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.07.027. Epub 2006 Dec 6.

Abstract

Background: Several studies have found impairment in visual memory and visual organization in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but little is known about the neuropsychological profile of children and adolescents with this disorder. The influence of clinical variables such as age, severity of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, depressive symptomatology, and pharmacological treatment on cognitive performance in these patients has not been thoroughly studied.

Methods: A neuropsychological battery designed for this study was administered to 35 patients with DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of OCD without psychiatric comorbidity aged between 7 and 18 years and 35 gender- and age-matched healthy subjects.

Results: Children and adolescents with OCD performed significantly worse on verbal and visual memory and velocity. When depressive symptomatology was controlled, impairment in visual memory, visual organization, and velocity again was found, but impairment in verbal memory was not. Neuropsychological impairment was not related to age, obsessive-compulsive severity, and pharmacological treatment.

Conclusions: Children and adolescents with OCD without psychiatric comorbidity with acute illness show impairment in visual memory, visual organization, and velocity, similar to adults. The influence of depressive symptomatology is important in cognitive performance. No relation was found between neuropsychology and age, severity of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, or pharmacological treatment in this study.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Cognition Disorders / drug therapy
  • Cognition Disorders / etiology
  • Depression / drug therapy
  • Depression / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Memory Disorders / drug therapy
  • Memory Disorders / etiology
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / drug therapy
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / physiopathology*
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / psychology*
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Verbal Behavior / physiology
  • Visual Perception / physiology