Vaccine-delivered HIV envelope inhibits CD4(+) T-cell activation, a mechanism for poor HIV vaccine responses

Blood. 2007 Mar 15;109(6):2538-44. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-08-038661. Epub 2006 Dec 7.

Abstract

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes impairment of the immune system in part by targeting CD4(+) T cells for infection and dysfunction. HIV envelope (Env) present on free virions and infected cells causes dysfunction of uninfected bystander CD4(+) T cells via interaction with both CD4 and coreceptors. Env is commonly used as part of a cocktail of HIV antigens in current vaccines. In DNA and viral vector vaccine approaches, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and non-APCs in the vicinity of the vaccine delivery site and draining lymph node express vaccine-derived antigens. The studies here demonstrate that cell-surface expression of Env on APCs and non-APCs as part of the vaccine action causes an inhibition of antigen-induced CD4(+) T-cell activation and proliferation mediated by CD4 binding and suggests a potential mechanism for reduced activity of Env-containing HIV vaccines. Similar studies using a functional Env lacking CD4 binding circumvented suppression, suggesting an alternative and potentially superior approach to HIV vaccine design.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • AIDS Vaccines / immunology*
  • Antigen Presentation
  • Antigens / immunology
  • Biomarkers
  • CD3 Complex / immunology
  • CD4 Antigens / immunology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dendritic Cells / cytology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-2 / pharmacology
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Binding
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • STAT5 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology*

Substances

  • AIDS Vaccines
  • Antigens
  • Biomarkers
  • CD3 Complex
  • CD4 Antigens
  • Interleukin-2
  • STAT5 Transcription Factor
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases