Lymphocyte-white blood cell count ratio: a quickly available screening tool to differentiate acute purulent tonsillitis from glandular fever

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Jan;133(1):61-4. doi: 10.1001/archotol.133.1.61.

Abstract

Objective: To find a quickly available screening tool for the differentiation of patients with glandular fever from those with acute purulent tonsillitis. The null hypothesis was that there was no difference between the lymphocyte-white blood cell count (L/WCC) ratio between the 2 patient groups.

Design: Retrospective pilot study based on laboratory tests for lymphocyte counts, white blood cell counts, and the mononucleosis spot test.

Setting: Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, St George's Hospital, London, England.

Patients: One hundred twenty patients with glandular fever and 100 patients with bacterial tonsillitis.

Main outcome measures: Results from the mononucleosis spot test in conjunction with the clinical picture and the L/WCC ratio were analyzed. Significant differences were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney test and Fisher exact test.

Results: The L/WCC ratio was significantly different in the 2 groups (P<.001). The mean L/WCC ratio in the glandular fever group was 0.54 and the mean L/WCC ratio in the bacterial tonsillitis group was 0.10. A ratio higher than 0.35 had a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 90% for the detection of glandular fever.

Conclusions: We recommend that the L/WCC ratio should be used as an indicator to decide whether mononucleosis spot tests should be requested. A ratio higher than 0.35 had a high specificity in our study group.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adult
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infectious Mononucleosis / diagnosis*
  • Leukocyte Count*
  • Lymphocyte Count*
  • Male
  • Pilot Projects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Suppuration
  • Tonsillitis / diagnosis*