Exercise and prevention of falls are the cornerstone of nonpharmacological treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Mechanical stress has osteogenic properties. Proprioceptive training can improve balance. Intermittent mechanical stimuli are most appropriate type of functional bone adaptation. Recommendations for exercises include type (aerobic, weight-bearing, resistance), frequency (minimum 3x weekly), duration (minimum 20-30 minutes) and intensity of 50-80% of repetitive maximum (RM). Target muscle groups for intervention are spine extensors and hip muscles. Eliminaton of risk of falls and proprioceptive exercises can reduce incidency of falls and related fractures.