Carbodithioate-terminated bis(phenylene)ethynylenes and oligo(phenyleneethynylene)s have been synthesized from TMSE-protected 4-iododithiobenzoic acid ester (1) and 4-ethynyldithiobenzoic acid ester (3) via Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. TEM and spectroscopic studies demonstrate that the reaction of 4-(phenylethynyl)dithiobenzoate with alkylamine-protected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) produces the corresponding organocarbodithioate-functionalized AuNPs.