The small GTPase Ral mediates SDF-1-induced migration of B cells and multiple myeloma cells

Blood. 2008 Apr 1;111(7):3364-72. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-08-106583. Epub 2008 Jan 28.

Abstract

Chemokine-controlled migration plays a critical role in B-cell development, differentiation, and function, as well as in the pathogenesis of B-cell malignancies, including the plasma cell neoplasm multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we demonstrate that stimulation of B cells and MM cells with the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) induces strong migration and activation of the Ras-like GTPase Ral. Inhibition of Ral, by expression of the dominant negative RalN28 mutant or of RalBPDeltaGAP, a Ral effector mutant that sequesters active Ral, results in impaired SDF-1-induced migration of B cells and MM cells. Of the 2 Ral isoforms, RalA and RalB, RalB was found to mediate SDF-1-induced migration. We have recently shown that Btk, PLCgamma2, and Lyn/Syk mediate SDF-1-controlled B-cell migration; however, SDF-1-induced Ral activation is not affected in B cells deficient in these proteins. In addition, treatment with pharmacological inhibitors against PI3K and PLC or expression of dominant-negative Ras did not impair SDF-1-induced Ral activation. Taken together, these results reveal a novel function for Ral, that is, regulation of SDF-1-induced migration of B cells and MM cells, thereby providing new insights into the control of B-cell homeostasis, trafficking, and function, as well as into the pathogenesis of MM.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase
  • Animals
  • B-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • B-Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement* / drug effects
  • Cell Movement* / genetics
  • Chemokine CXCL12 / metabolism*
  • Chemokine CXCL12 / pharmacology
  • Chickens
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Activation / genetics
  • Genes, Dominant / genetics
  • Homeostasis / drug effects
  • Homeostasis / genetics
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Leukemia, Plasma Cell / genetics
  • Leukemia, Plasma Cell / metabolism*
  • Leukemia, Plasma Cell / pathology
  • Mutation
  • Oncogene Protein p21(ras) / genetics
  • Oncogene Protein p21(ras) / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / genetics
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Phospholipase C gamma / genetics
  • Phospholipase C gamma / metabolism
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Syk Kinase
  • ral GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • ral GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • src-Family Kinases / genetics
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • CXCL12 protein, human
  • Chemokine CXCL12
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Ralb protein, human
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase
  • BTK protein, human
  • SYK protein, human
  • Syk Kinase
  • lyn protein-tyrosine kinase
  • src-Family Kinases
  • Phospholipase C gamma
  • RALA protein, human
  • Oncogene Protein p21(ras)
  • ral GTP-Binding Proteins