Recurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3 in HIV-infected women treated by large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ)

Sao Paulo Med J. 2008 Jan 2;126(1):17-22. doi: 10.1590/s1516-31802008000100004.

Abstract

Context and objective: Women infected by HIV are more likely to have cervical cancer and its precursors. Treatment of the precursor lesions can prevent this neoplasia. The aim of this study was to assess the likelihood of recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3 (CIN 2-3) in HIV-infected women, compared with HIV-negative women, all treated by large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ).

Design and setting: A cohort study in Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro.

Method: 55 HIV-positive and 212 HIV-negative women were followed up after LLETZ for CIN 2-3 (range: 6-133 months).

Results: The incidence of recurrent CIN 2-3 was 30.06/10,000 woman-months in the HIV-positive group and 4.88/10,000 woman-months in the HIV-negative group (relative risk, RR = 6.16; 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.07-18.34). The likelihood of recurrence reached 26% at the 62nd month of follow-up among the HIV-positive women, and remained stable at almost 0.6% at the 93rd month of follow-up among the HIV-negative women. We were unable to demonstrate other prognostic factors relating to CIN recurrence, but the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may decrease the risk of this occurrence among HIV patients.

Conclusion: After LLETZ there is a higher risk of recurrence of CIN 2-3 among HIV-positive women than among HIV-negative women. This higher risk was not influenced by margin status or grade of cervical disease treated. The use of HAART may decrease the risk of this occurrence in HIV patients.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO:: Mulheres infectadas pelo HIV têm maior probabilidade de apresentar câncer cervical e seus precursores. O tratamento dessas lesões pode prevenir a neoplasia. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a probabilidade de recorrência de neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical graus 2 ou 3 (NIC 2-3) em mulheres infectadas pelo HIV (HIV+), comparando-a com a de mulheres soronegativas (HIV-) tratadas pela exérese da zona de transformação por alça diatérmica (EZTAD).

TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL:: Estudo de coorte conduzido no Instituto Fernandes Figueira — Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

MÉTODO:: 55 HIV+ e 212 HIV- foram acompanhadas após tratamento de NIC 2-3 pela EZTAD (faixa: 6-133 meses).

RESULTADOS:: A incidência de NIC 2-3 recorrente foi de 30,06/10.000 mulheres-mês no grupo HIV+ e 4,88/10.000 mulheres-mês no grupo HIV- (risco relativo, RR = 6,16; intervalo de confiança, IC 95%: 2,07-18,34). A probabilidade de recorrência alcançou 26% aos 62 meses de acompanhamento em mulheres HIV+, e manteve-se estável em cerca de 0,6% no 93° mês de acompanhamento em mulheres HIV-. Não pudemos demonstrar outros fatores prognósticos relacionados à recorrência de NIC, mas o uso de terapia antiretroviral potente (highly active antiretroviral therapy - HAART) pode reduzir o risco dessa ocorrência em pacientes HIV+.

CONCLUSÕES:: Mulheres HIV+ têm maior risco de recorrência de NIC 2-3 após EZTAD comparadas a mulheres HIV-. Esse maior risco não foi influenciado pelo status da margem ou grau de doença tratada. O uso de HAART pode reduzir o risco desta ocorrência em mulheres HIV+.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • Cohort Studies
  • Colposcopy / methods
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • HIV Seropositivity / complications
  • HIV Seropositivity / drug therapy
  • HIV Seropositivity / virology
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control*
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / pathology
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / surgery*
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / virology
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / virology
  • Young Adult