Successful outcome of allo-SCT in high-risk pediatric AML using chemotherapy-only conditioning and post transplant immunotherapy

Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008 Aug;42(4):253-7. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2008.160. Epub 2008 Jun 16.

Abstract

We report successful outcome in 13 children (median age 2.2 years) with high-risk AML who received SCT from an unrelated (11) or identical sibling (2) donor after a preparative regimen consisting of BU, CY and melphalan. Three children were 'poor'-risk in first CR, three in the second CR, five in PR and two had resistant disease. Immunotherapeutic strategies were employed to maximize a GVL response escalating through a reduced dose of alemtuzumab, early taper of CsA, donor lymphocyte infusion and treatment with alpha-IFN. Ten out of 13 (77%) children are alive in CR at a median of 41 months (range: 17-88) from SCT. There was no TRM, but three children relapsed and died 3, 4 and 17 months after SCT. These encouraging early results warrant further studies in children with very high-risk AML.

MeSH terms

  • Alemtuzumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antibodies, Neoplasm / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Busulfan / therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use
  • Cyclosporine / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Graft vs Host Disease / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy
  • Infant
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Male
  • Melphalan / therapeutic use
  • Stem Cell Transplantation / methods*
  • Transplantation Chimera / immunology
  • Transplantation Conditioning / methods*
  • Transplantation, Homologous

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antibodies, Neoplasm
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Cyclosporine
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Busulfan
  • Melphalan