During these last 30 years, cognitive rehabilitation has accomplished dramatic improvement. In this paper, we review progress in four main domains: the development of pragmatic and ecological approaches in neuropsychological rehabilitation; the development of computerised rehabilitation; rehabilitation of executive functions; cognitive rehabilitation in degenerative dementia. Finally, we present a single-case study, recently published elsewhere, showing the effectiveness of rehabilitation of verbal working memory in a patient with left hemisphere stroke. In addition, future issues for rehabilitation research are presented. The development of bottom-up rehabilitation strategies as well as the use of inter-hemispheric interactions appears as future promising tracks for clinical rehabilitation.