Atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, autoimmune corpus atrophic gastritis, gastric remnant man 15 years after gastrectomy, hyperplastic or adenoma polyps and gastric ulcer are conditions associated with an increased risk of gastric carcinoma of intestinal or diffuse type. The role of Helicobacter pylori infection is major but the usefulness of H. pylorieradication to revert precancerous lesions is questionable. Except for patients with dysplasia, no consensus exists for endoscopic surveillance of these premalignant conditions in countries with low incidence of gastric cancer.