Preventive health care among older women: missed opportunities and poor targeting

Am J Med. 2008 Nov;121(11):974-81. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.05.042.

Abstract

Background: Experts recommend that clinicians target mammography and colon cancer screening to individuals with at least 5 years life expectancy. Generally, immunizations and exercise counseling are recommended for all women aged > or =65 years, while Pap smears are generally not encouraged for these women.

Methods: We used the 2005 National Health Interview Survey to examine receipt of several preventive health measures simultaneously among community dwelling US women aged > or =65 years by age and health status. We used functional status, significant diseases, and perceived health to categorize women into those most likely to be in above-average, average, or below-average health status. We used age and health status to estimate life expectancy.

Results: Of 4683 participants, 25.8% were > or =80 years; 81.8% were non-Hispanic white; 21% were in above-average and 20% were in below-average health status. Receipt of mammography and colon cancer screening decreased with age and was not associated with health status for women aged > or =80 years. Nearly half (49%) of women aged > or =80 years in below-average health received mammography screening, while 19% of women aged 65-79 years in above-average health did not report receiving mammography. Nearly half of women aged 65-79 years (49%) in above-average health did not report receiving colon cancer screening. Pap smear screening was common among older women. Few (34%) reported receiving exercise counseling. Many did not report receiving pneumococcal (43%) or flu vaccinations (40%).

Conclusions: In our comprehensive review of preventive health measures for older women, we found evidence to suggest a need to improve delivery and targeting of preventive health services.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Colonic Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Exercise
  • Female
  • Health Status
  • Humans
  • Immunization
  • Preventive Health Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Quality of Health Care / statistics & numerical data*