Wnt/beta-catenin signaling controls development of the blood-brain barrier

J Cell Biol. 2008 Nov 3;183(3):409-17. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200806024. Epub 2008 Oct 27.

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is confined to the endothelium of brain capillaries and is indispensable for fluid homeostasis and neuronal function. In this study, we show that endothelial Wnt/beta-catenin (beta-cat) signaling regulates induction and maintenance of BBB characteristics during embryonic and postnatal development. Endothelial specific stabilization of beta-cat in vivo enhances barrier maturation, whereas inactivation of beta-cat causes significant down-regulation of claudin3 (Cldn3), up-regulation of plamalemma vesicle-associated protein, and BBB breakdown. Stabilization of beta-cat in primary brain endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro by N-terminal truncation or Wnt3a treatment increases Cldn3 expression, BBB-type tight junction formation, and a BBB characteristic gene signature. Loss of beta-cat or inhibition of its signaling abrogates this effect. Furthermore, stabilization of beta-cat also increased Cldn3 and barrier properties in nonbrain-derived ECs. These findings may open new therapeutic avenues to modulate endothelial barrier function and to limit the devastating effects of BBB breakdown.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / physiology*
  • Central Nervous System / physiology*
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation / physiology*
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Models, Animal
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Wnt Proteins / physiology*
  • beta Catenin / physiology*
  • beta-Galactosidase / genetics
  • beta-Galactosidase / metabolism

Substances

  • Wnt Proteins
  • beta Catenin
  • beta-Galactosidase