Hepatitis B virus infection and prevention in the dental clinic: knowledge and factors determining vaccine uptake in a Nigerian dental teaching hospital

Nig Q J Hosp Med. 2008 Jul-Sep;18(3):145-8.

Abstract

Background: hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a well recognised occupational risk for dental health care workers in an endemic area like Nigeria. It is however effectively vaccine preventable. There had been a suboptimal uptake of this vaccination.

Objectives: This study assesed the knowledge of respondents on pre-exposure prevention and post exposure management of HBV infection. It also investigated level of compliance with the vaccination and factors associated with non-compliance.

Methods: The study was conducted by self-administered questionnaires distributed to clinical students and all cadres of staff working at the dental clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital.

Results: 159 persons participated. Knowledge of the infection was inadequate. There was an overall vaccination rate of 40.3%. However, dentists were significantly more likely to be vaccinated than either the other cadres of staff or the students (p = 0.014). Students had the poorest compliance. 54% of respondents gave reasons suggestive of complacency for non-uptake.

Conclusions: Students and staff of the Dental School of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital are not adequately protected against HBV. We recommend mandatory immunisation of both students and-staffs before exposure to clinical practice

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Dental Staff*
  • Dentists
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Hepatitis B / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis B / prevention & control*
  • Hepatitis B / transmission
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / prevention & control*
  • Male
  • Nigeria
  • Occupational Diseases / drug therapy
  • Occupational Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Occupational Diseases / virology
  • Students, Dental
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Hepatitis B Vaccines