Venous leg ulcers are a prevalent nonhealing wound of the lower extremity. Although topically applied growth factors successfully improve wound repair in animal studies, similar studies on humans with venous leg ulcers have not been successful. This study was designed to evaluate the acute safety and biologic feasibility of peri-ulcer injection of a replication-incompetent adenoviral construct expressing platelet-derived growth factor-beta (PDGF-beta). In this phase I study, we demonstrate the initial safety, feasibility, and biologic plausibility of using H5.020CMV.PDGF-beta to treat venous leg ulcer disease.