Glycaemic fall after a glucose load. A population-based study

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Dec;20(10):727-33. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.06.012. Epub 2009 Oct 12.

Abstract

Background and aims: A blood glucose (BG) fall after an oral glucose load has never been described previously at a population level. This study was aimed at looking for a plasma glucose trend after an oral glucose load for possible blood glucose fall if any, and for its impact on coronary mortality at a population level.

Methods and results: In subjects from an unselected general population, BG and insulin were detected before and 1 and 2h after a 75-g oral glucose load for insulin sensitivity and β-cell function determination. Blood pressure, blood examinations and left ventricular mass were measured, and mortality was monitored for 18.8±7.7 years. According to discriminant analysis, the population was stratified into cluster 0 (1-h BG < fasting BG; n=497) and cluster 1 (1-h BG ≥ fasting BG; n=1733). To avoid any interference of age and sex, statistical analysis was limited to two age-gender-matched cohorts of 490 subjects from each cluster (n=940). Subjects in cluster 0 showed significantly higher insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, lower visceral adiposity and lower blood pressure values. Adjusted coronary mortality was 8 times lower in cluster 0 than 1 (p<0.001). The relative risk of belonging to cluster 1 was 5.40 (95% CI 2.22-13.1).

Conclusion: It seems that two clusters exist in the general population with respect to their response to an oral glucose load, independent of age and gender. Subjects who respond with a BG decrease could represent a privileged sub-population, where insulin sensitivity and β-cell function are better, some risk factors are less prevalent, and coronary mortality is lower.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Blood Pressure
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Coronary Disease / mortality
  • Coronary Disease / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Glycemic Index*
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood*
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / complications
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / complications
  • Risk Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin