New insights into the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by tropomyosin

Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2010:281:91-128. doi: 10.1016/S1937-6448(10)81003-2.

Abstract

The actin cytoskeleton is regulated by a variety of actin-binding proteins including those constituting the tropomyosin family. Tropomyosins are coiled-coil dimers that bind along the length of actin filaments. In muscles, tropomyosin regulates the interaction of actin-containing thin filaments with myosin-containing thick filaments to allow contraction. In nonmuscle cells where multiple tropomyosin isoforms are expressed, tropomyosins participate in a number of cellular events involving the cytoskeleton. This chapter reviews the current state of the literature regarding tropomyosin structure and function and discusses the evidence that tropomyosins play a role in regulating actin assembly.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Actins / physiology*
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / physiology
  • Cell Membrane / physiology
  • Cytoskeleton / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Motor Proteins / physiology
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Muscle Contraction / physiology
  • Myosins / physiology
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / physiopathology
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Isoforms / chemistry
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / physiology
  • Tropomyosin / chemistry
  • Tropomyosin / genetics
  • Tropomyosin / physiology*

Substances

  • Actins
  • Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
  • Molecular Motor Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Tropomyosin
  • Myosins