Prognostic significance of age in the radical treatment of oesophageal cancer with surgery or chemoradiotherapy: a prospective observational cohort study

Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2010 Sep;22(7):578-85. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2010.05.023. Epub 2010 Jun 29.

Abstract

Aims: To compare the outcomes of stage-directed surgical therapy and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for oesophageal cancer and to determine if a significant age-treatment interaction exists to guide therapy.

Materials and methods: Five hundred and eight consecutive patients with oesophageal cancer suitable for radical treatment based on radiological stage and performance status were studied (275 surgery; 93 surgery alone, 131 neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 51 neoadjuvant CRT and 233 definitive CRT). The primary measure of outcome was survival.

Results: Thirty-day mortality rates and 2-year survival after surgery and CRT in patients<70 years were 2.4 and 57.5%, respectively, compared with 0 (P=0.207) and 47.3% (P=0.011), respectively. Thirty-day mortality rates and 2-year survival after surgery and CRT in patients>or=70 years were 7.0 and 45.1%, respectively, compared with 0 (P=0.029) and 46.3% (P=0.992), respectively. Multivariate analysis including only surgical patients in the model revealed three factors to be independently and significantly associated with survival; endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) T stage (P=0.033), EUS lymph node metastasis count (>or=2 versus 0: hazard ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.06-2.92, P=0.026), and age>or=70 years (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.05-2.16, P=0.025).

Conclusion: Overall survival for patients treated with surgery was strongly age dependent around the age of 70 years, and patients>or=70 years with oesophageal cancer should be aware that outcomes after CRT are similar to those after surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma / therapy*
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy*
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Cohort Studies
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Epirubicin / administration & dosage
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Esophagectomy*
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiotherapy Dosage*
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Epirubicin
  • Cisplatin
  • Fluorouracil