Evaluation of three commercial ELISA kits for anticardiolipin and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies in the laboratory diagnosis of the antiphospholipid syndrome

Int J Lab Hematol. 2011 Feb;33(1):97-108. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-553X.2010.01259.x. Epub 2010 Aug 31.

Abstract

Introduction: The laboratory criteria of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) include lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) IgG or IgM.

Methods: We evaluated three commercial ELISAs for aCL and aβ2GPI IgG and IgM: Asserachrom® ('Stago'), Bio-Rad ('BR') and the Bindazyme™ (the Binding Site, 'BS').

Results: Results of all assays and of LAC were correlated with the clinical background (n=228). Sensitivity for Stago/BS/BR aCL IgG was 14%/15%/18%, for aCL IgM 1%/5%/4%, for aβ2GPI IgG 9%/10%/17% and for aβ2GPI IgM 4%/4%/3%. The specificity for Stago/BS/BR for all assays ranged from 86% to 98%. The positive predictive value (PPV) for Stago/BS/BR aCL IgG was 46%/52%/40%, for aCL IgM 8%/36%/19%, for aβ2GPI IgG 70%/67%/45% and for aβ2GPI IgM 23%/23%/20%. Combining LAC with aCL and aβ2GPI antibodies increased the sensitivity (Stago/BS/BR IgG: 26%/27%/31%, IgM: 22%/21%/26%) and PPV (Stago/BS/BR IgG: 41%/46%/36%, IgM: 34%/40%/36%). Comparing the diagnostic power of the tests, only Stago/BS aβ2GPI IgG had a Chi-square P-value lower than 0.05. The combination of LAC and IgG ELISAs of BS resulted in the lowest P-value (0.098) compared to the other combinations.

Conclusion: All evaluated ELISAs are a practical tool in the laboratory diagnosis of APS. The diagnostic performance shows slight differences between the ELISAs from the different manufacturers.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / blood*
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic / standards*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • beta 2-Glycoprotein I / immunology*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Anticardiolipin
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
  • beta 2-Glycoprotein I