Emergency abdominal surgery for peritonitis is a topical problem awaiting solution. Disturbed immune status of patients with peritonitis dictates the necessity to supplement postoperative intensive therapy by medical preparation normalizing immune functions. We have studied 36 patients with generalized peritonitis of different etiology of whom 20 (controls) were treated by traditional methods and 16 received standard therapy plus polyoxidomium. The frequency of abdominal and other complications in the latter group decreased to 19.2% and lethality to 13.8% while duration of the hospital stay was reduced by 3.6 patient days.