"Pseudomonas andersonii" is a Gram-negative bacillus initially isolated from a granulomatous lung lesion. Novel species status has not been validated for this single strain. We report four additional cases of pulmonary granuloma involving P. andersonii and further characterize the organism. These patients had pulmonary nodules that were surgically resected and which grew P. andersonii on routine culture. Mycobacterium avium complex was concomitantly isolated in two cases, and fungal structures were identified histopathologically in two other cases. The five P. andersonii strains described to date were similar in growth characteristics, biochemical reactions, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry protein profiles, and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Their 16S rRNA genes were 99.9 to 100% identical but less than 95.0% similar to those of all other known bacteria. The gyrA genes of these strains were 99.5 to 100% identical. These shared features illustrate P. andersonii as a unique and distinct bacterium and support the novel species status of the organism.