Synchronous second primary tumors in 2,016 head and neck cancer patients: role of symptom-directed panendoscopy

Laryngoscope. 2011 Feb;121(2):304-9. doi: 10.1002/lary.21385.

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: Second primary tumors (SPTs) are prevalent in head and neck cancer patients. Synchronous SPTs occur within the first 6 months after diagnosis of a first primary tumor. Work-up of first primary head and neck cancers may include panendoscopy if SPTs are suspected. It is unclear whether this strategy has significant impact on treatment results.

Study design: Prospectively recorded data on head and neck cancer patients treated at an academic tertiary referral center.

Methods: The distribution of SPTs was retrieved from a database of 2,016 patients with head and neck cancer. Initial work-up included panendoscopy when an SPT was clinically suspected.

Results: Of 2,016 patients, 49 (2.4%) had synchronous SPTs. Of these, there were 26 diagnosed simultaneously with the first primary tumor, of which 18 (69%) were located in areas covered by panendoscopy. The remaining 23 were nonsimultaneous synchronous SPTs; 10 of them were located at sites accessible by panendoscopy, of which 6 were in the bronchial tree. Median survival after simultaneous SPTs was 9 months versus 3 months after nonsimultaneous synchronous SPTs (P = not significant). The highest frequency of synchronous SPTs was seen with first primary tumors of the hard palate, the dorsum of the tongue, and of the mandibular gingiva.

Conclusions: Symptom-directed panendoscopy at initial work-up was successful at finding SPTs of the upper aerodigestive tract, but not SPTs located in the lower airways. Synchronous SPTs missed at initial work-up did not have significantly worse prognosis than simultaneous SPTs.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Endoscopy / methods*
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / pathology*
  • Prospective Studies