Impact of new criteria for anticoagulant treatment in atrial fibrillation

Rev Esp Cardiol. 2011 Aug;64(8):649-53. doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2011.03.014. Epub 2011 Jun 8.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: The guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) incorporate new risk factors for thromboembolism, trying to de-emphasize the use of the 'low', 'moderate', and 'high' risk categories. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the new scheme CHA₂DS₂-VASc and of the new recommendations for oral anticoagulation (OAC) in a contemporary sample of patients with AF seen by primary physicians and cardiologists.

Methods: Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study on the epidemiology of hypertension and its control, designed by the arterial hypertension department. Each researcher enrolled the first 6 consenting patients who came for examination during a 5-day period.

Results: Of 25 137 individuals recruited, 1544 were diagnosed with AF. The vast majority of the sample had a CHADS₂ score ≥2 (77.3%). Individuals with a risk score lower than 2 were categorized according to the CHA₂DS₂-VASc score: 14.4% were aged 75 years or older (CHA₂DS₂-VASc=2). Of those younger than 75, 42.3% had a CHA₂DS₂-VASc=2; 23.7% CHA₂DS₂-VASc=3, and 1.1% CHA₂DS₂-VASc=4. This means that the 85.1% of the patients with a CHADS₂ score <2 and no contraindications are indicated for OAC.

Conclusions: The new recommendations will result in a significant increase in patients with indications for OAC, at the expense of those previously characterized as low-to-moderate risk. Therefore, patients at risk of thromboembolic events must be identified, although an evaluation of bleeding risk should be part of the patient assessment before starting anticoagulation.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Hypertension / etiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Risk Factors
  • Thromboembolism / etiology*
  • Thromboembolism / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Anticoagulants